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Cesar Department
Cesar Department () or simply Cesar ((:seˈsaɾ)) is a department of Colombia located in the north of the country in the Caribbean region, bordering to the north with the Department of La Guajira, to the west with the Department of Magdalena and Department of Bolivar, to the south with Department of Santander, to the west with the Department of North Santander, and to the east with the country of Venezuela (Zulia State). The department capital city is Valledupar.
The region was first inhabited by indigenous peoples known as Euparíes in the Valley of Upar and Guatapuríes in the Valley of the Cesar river, among these were the Orejones pertaining to the Tupe, Acanayutos pertaining to the Motilones and Alcoholados pertaining to the Chimilas. The first European to explore the area was Spanish Captain Pedro de Vadillo, but German Ambrosio Alfínger savagely conquered the region in 1532. In 1550 the village of Valle de Upar was founded by Hernando de Santana and Juan de Castellanos.〔(LABLAA: Department of Cesar; History )〕
In 1813, María de la Concepción Loperena proclaimed the independence in Valledupar and donated 300 horses to Simón Bolívar. In 1829 Valledupar became a cantón of the province of Santa Marta. By Law 15 of 1850, Valledupar was segregated from Santa Marta becoming the province of Valledupar. In 1857 became a province of the state of Magdalena and by Law of December 29, 1864 became the department of Valledupar pertaining to state of Magdalena. On December 21, 1967 the department of Cesar was created officially.〔
==Etymology==
The "Cesar" name is an adaptation from the Chimila indigenous word ''Chet-tzar'' or ''Zazare'' ("calm water") into Spanish, in reference to the Cesar River. The valley that its basin covers is also named after the river and extends through most of the department. The department of Cesar was created in 1967 by decree and the name officially adopted.〔( LABLAA - Luis Galvis: Don Gonzalo )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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